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ENCosmetics and Skin Hydration
“Plumping,” “replenishing,” “locking,” or “retaining” moisture are terms commonly seen in cosmetic product advertising. In this article, we will explore skin hydration in cosmetics. Skin hydration in cosmetic products can be classified into three main types:
1. Humectant-based moisturizing cosmetics
Humectants have the ability to attract and retain water or moisture on the skin, preventing evaporation and increasing skin hydration. They can draw moisture from the surrounding environment into the skin. This type of moisturizer is suitable for all skin types and all ages. In addition to increasing and retaining skin moisture, humectants also act as a protective barrier that helps reduce irritation caused by environmental pollution. Examples include Glycerin, Propylene Glycol, and Butylene Glycol.2. Emollient-based moisturizing cosmetics
Emollients function by coating the skin. The structure of the outer layer of human skin resembles a brick-and-mortar system, where dead skin cells are connected by proteins, acting like bricks, while lipids function like mortar or cement, forming layers that protect against pathogens. When moisture levels decrease, some proteins connecting dead skin cells become disrupted, causing skin cracks. Emollients penetrate the skin layers and regulate moisture levels, helping the skin return to its normal condition. Examples include Vaseline and Liquid Paraffin.3. NMF-based moisturizing cosmetics (Natural Moisturizing Factor)
Natural Moisturizing Factors (NMF) are compounds naturally present in the outermost layer of the skin. They help skin cells attract and absorb moisture from the surrounding atmosphere. Examples include Sodium PCA and Sodium Hyaluronate, which are highly popular in cosmetic products due to their outstanding ability to retain water up to 1,000 times their weight.
Currently, cosmetic products commonly incorporate a combination of moisturizing agents to achieve optimal effectiveness.
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